Adaptive variable structure observer for system states and disturbances estimation with application to building climate control system in a smart grid

In order to reach the ambitious net-zero emission target by 2050, various technological solutions need be developed ensure efficient utilisation of energy. Commercial and residential buildings are a big source greenhouse gas emissions, where energy can play major role towards decarbonisation sector. Heat pumps have recently emerged as an effective solution for space heating applications in buildings. Energy-efficient operation heat will make significant contribution toward making energy-efficient. this context, pump control systems role. Some existing literature on assume that system states available measure. This may not always true and/or economical measure all states. Moreover, is subject disturbances which cannot directly measured. To reduce number sensors systems, adaptive observer paper estimate inaccessible simultaneously. An advantage proposed approach it does require any bound disturbance itself, however, only assumes rate change bounded. case practice. method, techniques variable structure combined implement observer. unknown disturbance, augmented model considered. Globally uniformly ultimately bounded property error dynamical established suitably designing laws. The method applied dynamics house floor connected ground source-based pump. Different signals formats amplitudes considered show effectiveness technique. Simulation results given demonstrate suitability method.